Breakdown phenomenon study in the bidirectional pedestrian flow

Pedestrian dynamics has been being a popular research area. In this paper, breakdown probability in the bidirectional flow that includes pedestrians with heterogeneities is investigated. Reaction time appears to have the most pronounced breakdown probability, followed by desired velocity and then body size. The relationship between the start time of breakdown and inflow reflects the decreasing trend of the start time of breakdown with increasing inflow. Furthermore, the smaller the value of the start time of breakdown for the same inflow, the larger the effect of the heterogeneity in a parameter of the social force model on breakdown by cross-comparisons. c © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. Peer-review under responsibility of PED2014.